Happy 249th Birthday, USMC!

Philadelphia, November 10, 1775 – With tensions between Britain and its American colonies mounting, the Continental Congress today established a new fighting force: the Continental Marines. This group, destined to become known as the United States Marine Corps, was born out of necessity, designed to fight both on land and at sea as America seeks to break free from British rule.

The historic decision took place at Philadelphia’s Tun Tavern, where Congress authorized the formation of two battalions of Marines. These soldiers, carefully selected and trained, are expected to play a pivotal role in the colonies’ campaign for independence. This versatile force will combine skills for shipboard combat, amphibious assaults, and coastal defense, making it unique among colonial military units.

Origins and the Call to Arms

The Continental Marines were envisioned by the Continental Congress as a response to strategic needs in the escalating Revolutionary War. Led by prominent Philadelphia merchant Robert Mullan and overseen by the Continental Navy’s newly appointed commander, Commodore Esek Hopkins, the Marines were tasked with providing specialized combat capabilities on American ships. Unlike their Army counterparts, these Marines would engage in close-quarter battles on ships, board enemy vessels, and land in enemy-controlled ports.

This force’s creation was inspired by the need for a distinct fighting unit that could operate alongside naval forces. In earlier centuries, European countries, including Britain, had trained specialized naval infantry known as “marines.” Drawing from this example, Congress saw value in a force capable of seizing shore positions and protecting American ships from British interference.

Recruitment and Training Begin

The search for the first Continental Marines started here in Philadelphia, with Mullan appointed to lead recruitment efforts. Philadelphia, the largest colonial city and an important port, was an ideal location to recruit men with both maritime and military experience. Men drawn to the role were promised the opportunity to defend the new nation in a unique and challenging way.

Unlike the typical soldiers in the Continental Army, these early Marines would be expected to handle a wide range of responsibilities. Not only would they act as a protective force on ships, but they would also serve as sharpshooters and conduct boarding actions in naval battles. Training focused on adapting soldiers to life at sea, which required them to master the rigors of shipboard life while learning to quickly transition from combat on ships to amphibious assaults on land.

First Mission and a Promising Future

Just months after their founding, the newly assembled Continental Marines embarked on their first mission in 1776. Sailing to the Bahamas, under Commodore Hopkins, the Marines executed their first amphibious assault in a daring raid on Nassau to seize British military supplies. The successful operation marked a promising start, demonstrating the Marines’ potential to disrupt British operations and secure critical resources for the Continental Army.

This mission at Nassau has already etched itself into the emerging legacy of the Marine Corps. It showcased the adaptability and effectiveness of these soldiers, who were able to launch attacks from the sea and strike at the heart of enemy territory. The successful raid has also emboldened Congress, which now sees this new force as a critical asset in America’s broader military strategy.

A Symbol of Patriotism and Courage

The legacy of the Continental Marines will undoubtedly continue to grow as they distinguish themselves in future battles. Today’s decision to create the Corps reflects Congress’s foresight in understanding the need for a versatile fighting force capable of both seaborne and land-based combat. From Philadelphia’s Tun Tavern to the shores of Nassau, these Marines represent the dedication, courage, and resilience of a people fighting for independence.

Today, on November 10th, the Marine Corps’ founding is marked by a sense of purpose, patriotism, and adaptability. This force has been created not only as a strategic asset but as a testament to the spirit of the American Revolution. With more battles on the horizon, the Continental Marines are prepared to prove themselves worthy defenders of America’s new freedom.

As the colonies rally for independence, the Marine Corps is set to play an essential role in securing that dream. Whether on land or sea, these soldiers are ready to face whatever challenges lie ahead, embodying the strength and resolve of a young nation.